Menopause

Menopause - a time when menstruation ceases. The average age of menopause women - 51 years old, but it can occur as early and later, between 40 and 55 years.

Overview

Menopause is considered an essential step in the aging, each woman carries it in his own way. Some do not notice any significant changes in the body or in the mind, others feel uncomfortable and do not tolerate this stage of their lives.

Causes of menopause

Somewhere in the 35 years of a woman's ovaries begin to change the number of produced estrogen, a hormone necessary for menstruation and pregnancy. With age, estrogen is getting smaller. Up until menstruation stops and a woman loses her reproductive function. Changes in the level of estrogen in women affecting many organs, including the heart, bone, urinary tract, skin and hair.

menopause Symptoms

Hormonal disorders that occur before and after menopause, have different symptoms. Menopause Symptoms may include: irregular cycles, hot flushes, vaginal dryness, problems with the genitourinary system, mood changes, and poor sleep.

The menstrual cycle becomes irregular before the menopause. The cycle may become longer or shorter separation can be stronger or weaker than before. Spotting and can be in the middle of the cycle.

Tides - this feeling, when the heat wave starts growing in the chest and spreads to the neck, face, hands. Tides occur on average once every hour and usually last 3-4 minutes. Hot flashes are often replaced by considerable sweating and then chills; They can occur at any time, even at night during sleep (called night sweats). Three out of four women experience hot flashes during menopause, but only one out of four of these hot flashes can last more than 5 years.

Vaginal dryness can be the result of reduced estrogen levels in the body. If there is insufficient estrogen vaginal walls lose their elasticity, become thinner and produce less secret. Dry and inelastic vagina can cause discomfort during sexual intercourse.

Urinary incontinence is also developing due to low levels of estrogen in the body, which reduces the muscle tone of the urogenital tract.

The variability of mood and poor sleep can be observed both before and after menopause. Scientific studies speak in favor of a direct relationship between low hormone levels and depression, irritability, fatigue, sleep problems, etc., the symptoms that are commonly experienced by women during menopause.

What you can do

Stick to a healthy diet. Proper nutrition contributes greatly to the overall health of a person. During menopause diet should contain a variety of fruits, vegetables and grains. Choose foods low in fat, try to eat dairy products at least 3 times a day. If you do not drink milk and take calcium (1,000 mg) of vitamin D (400 IU) daily. Moderately drink alcohol and caffeine.

Exercise (at least half an hour a day), try to lead an active life, it will help reduce hot flushes and is the prevention of osteoporosis. More walk, you walk, use the stairs, even if there is an elevator. Try to dress up with the expectation that you are always able to partially undress upon the occurrence of high tide.

Dryness of the vagina using the water-soluble lubricant (lubricant) but not petrolatum.

In pharmacies sold a lot of biologically active additives to food and products of plant origin, which manufacturers claim that the use of these products reduce the symptoms of menopause. Unfortunately, not all of them have been properly tested and clinical trials of safety and efficacy. Moreover, the composition and amount of active compound in such products can also vary greatly. Before you buy and start taking these supplements, consult your doctor. Typically, such products include soy, ginkgo biloba, motherwort, licorice, red clover, herb kava kava, and others. Herbal preparations (as well as any other !!) are the indications and contraindications, can cause side effects and may interact with other medicines that you take. Correctly prescribe treatment can only physician.

What can a doctor

The doctor will warn you about menopause and hormone replacement therapy will begin if necessary (HRT). Since menopause is associated with low levels of estrogen, a hormone replacement this helps alleviate the symptoms. Unlike many contraceptives, most hormones used in hormone replacement therapy, are natural; Side effects are minimal.
HRT should not be used if your close relatives had cancer of the breast and uterus.
Estrogen can be used in the form of tablets, patches, gels, creams, and suppositories, as well as implants. Estrogen - a necessary component of HRT, if a woman the uterus is removed, there is no need to appoint other hormones. If the uterus is maintained, it is usually administered more progestins and 14 days of each cycle. Necessity purpose due to the effect of progesterone to estrogen mucous membrane lining the inside of the uterus (endometrium). Adding progesterone is the prevention of bleeding, endometrial growths (polyps) and cancers of the uterus.

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